Quebec is the birthplace of French civilization in the Americas — a vast province where four centuries of history blend with a vibrant culture, breathtaking landscapes and a cuisine unlike any other in the world. With the only walled city north of Mexico, 72% of the world's maple syrup production, the largest jazz festival on the planet and spectacular fjords, Quebec offers unforgettable experiences. Here are the 20 must-do experiences.
To explore further, see our provinces and territories guide and our Discover Quebec article. The unique landscapes of this region are also covered in our Canadian geography guide. Canada's wildlife and wilderness is equally remarkable here. You can also explore Top 20 — ontario.html and Top 20 — nouveau brunswick.html.
One of the best whale-watching sites in the world. At the confluence of the Saguenay Fjord and the St. Lawrence River, nutrient-rich waters attract up to 13 cetacean species, including the blue whale (the largest animal on the planet), humpback whales, minke whales and the endangered St. Lawrence beluga — a resident population. The village of Tadoussac, founded in 1600, is one of the oldest European settlements in North America.
The southernmost fjord in the world, carved by glaciers 10,000 years ago. Its steep rock walls reach 350 metres in height and its dark waters plunge to 275 metres deep. The national park offers spectacular hiking trails, including the famous Statue of Notre-Dame-du-Saguenay perched atop Cap Trinité. By kayak, the perspective from the water is absolutely breathtaking — a landscape worthy of Norway.
A spectacular mountain range featuring the Chic-Chocs Mountains, the highest peaks in southern Quebec. Mont Jacques-Cartier rises to 1,268 metres and offers an alpine tundra landscape. The park protects the last herd of caribou south of the St. Lawrence River, a critically endangered population. Hiking, backcountry skiing and moose observation make this park a must for wilderness lovers.
Did you know?
Quebec produces 72% of the world's maple syrup. The province holds over 40% of Canada's water resources and Hydro-Québec is one of the largest hydropower producers in the world — more than 97% of Quebec's electricity comes from hydroelectric sources.
One of Canada's most iconic natural wonders. This 88-metre-high limestone monolith is pierced by a 15-metre natural arch and rises majestically from the waters of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. At low tide, you can walk to it from the beach. Nearby Bonaventure Island is home to the largest northern gannet colony in North America — over 110,000 birds. A breathtaking natural spectacle.
Quebec's oldest national park (created in 1895) and one of eastern North America's best ski resorts. The 1,510 km² national park features over 400 lakes, rushing rivers and dense forests home to moose, wolves and beavers. The pedestrian village at the base of the resort, with its colourful facades, gourmet restaurants and casino, offers a unique alpine atmosphere. Four seasons of activities: skiing, hiking, mountain biking, canoeing and ziplining.
The only walled city north of Mexico and a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985. Strolling through Old Quebec's cobblestone streets is a journey through 400 years of French and British history. The Château Frontenac, the most photographed hotel in the world, towers over Cap Diamant. Place Royale, founded by Samuel de Champlain in 1608, is the birthplace of French civilization in the Americas. The ramparts, Dufferin Terrace and the Petit-Champlain quarter complete this historic immersion.
The largest British fortress in North America, built between 1820 and 1850 in a star shape atop Cap Diamant. It remains the official residence of the Royal 22nd Regiment — the famous "Van Doos" — the only French-speaking regiment in the Canadian Forces. The summer Changing of the Guard and the noon cannon firing are iconic traditions. The Citadelle also serves as a secondary residence of the Governor General of Canada.
The largest jazz festival in the world, recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records. For over 45 years, this annual event has brought together some 3,000 musicians from 30 countries, offering more than 1,000 concerts and activities — two-thirds of which are free — across 8 outdoor stages and 15 concert halls. Montreal's Quartier des Spectacles transforms into a vibrant celebration of music, culture and creativity.
The largest comedy festival in the world, born in Montreal in 1983. For two weeks in July, the city welcomes the biggest names in international comedy — in both French and English — with a program mixing indoor shows, televised galas and free street performances. The festival has launched the careers of many international stars. It's a pillar of Montreal's cultural identity and a symbol of Quebec's creative bilingualism.
Did you know?
Quebec City was founded by Samuel de Champlain in 1608, making it one of the oldest cities in North America. The word "Quebec" comes from the Algonquin word "kébec," meaning "where the river narrows." Quebec is the only predominantly French-speaking province in Canada and has its own National Assembly (not a legislative assembly).
A cherished Quebec tradition spanning centuries, inherited from Indigenous knowledge passed to the settlers of New France. Every spring (late February to April), sugar shacks open their doors for "sugaring off season." The traditional feast includes pea soup, maple-baked ham, oreilles de crisse (fried pork rinds), tourtière (meat pie), baked beans and omelette — all drenched in maple syrup. The highlight is maple taffy on snow: hot syrup poured over clean snow, rolled onto a popsicle stick. Folk music, sleigh rides and forest walks complete this unique tradition.
Charlevoix is a UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve and a food lover's paradise. The "Route des Saveurs" (Flavour Trail) connects artisan cheese makers, microbreweries, distilleries, vineyards and organic farms. The famous "1608" cheese, created at the Fairmont Le Manoir Richelieu, has won multiple international awards. The landscape of mountains meeting the river, with picturesque villages like Baie-Saint-Paul and La Malbaie, is among Quebec's most beautiful.
One of North America's largest open-air public markets, open since 1933. Jean-Talon is a feast for the senses: local Quebec produce, fine cheeses, smoked meats, fresh herbs and seasonal fruits. Around the market, Little Italy is packed with restaurants and cafés. Montreal is also famous for its poutine, bagels (rivals to New York!), Schwartz's smoked meat and a food scene crowned by the Michelin Guide since 2024.
Montreal's historic quarter, with its 17th-century buildings and cobblestone streets, is an open-air museum. The Notre-Dame Basilica (1829), with its spectacular blue and gold interior, is one of the most beautiful churches in North America. The Old Port, transformed into a waterfront promenade, features the Montreal Grande Roue, St. Lawrence cruises and the Science Centre. Place d'Armes, Place Jacques-Cartier and Rue Saint-Paul complete this walk through history.
The largest winter carnival in the world, celebrated since 1894. For two weeks in February, Quebec City comes alive with night parades, snow sculpture competitions, ice canoe races on the frozen river and a masquerade ball. Bonhomme Carnaval, the friendly snowman mascot, is one of Quebec's most recognizable figures. The Ice Hotel, the only hotel made entirely of ice in North America, completes this unique celebration of winter.
The mountain that gave Montreal its name. Mount Royal Park, designed by Frederick Law Olmsted (creator of Central Park), offers a lookout with a stunning panoramic view of downtown and the St. Lawrence River. The Sunday tam-tams at the Sir George-Étienne Cartier monument are a legendary festive gathering. The Plateau-Mont-Royal neighbourhood, with its iconic spiral staircases, colourful murals, trendy cafés and unmatched neighbourhood life, is Montreal's bohemian soul.
An 83-metre-high waterfall — 30 metres taller than Niagara Falls! Montmorency Falls can be reached by cable car, panoramic staircase or suspension bridge at the top. In winter, the spray freezes into a massive ice cone called the "Pain de sucre" (Sugarloaf), which ice climbing enthusiasts come to conquer. The via ferrata and zipline over the falls add an adrenaline rush to this impressive natural spectacle.
Did you know?
Montreal is the second-largest French-speaking city in the world after Paris. Quebec has its own Civil Code (based on French law), unlike the rest of Canada which follows British common law. French and English are Canada's two official languages, protected by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
Nicknamed the "Garden of Quebec," this enchanting island in the St. Lawrence River is the essence of Quebec heritage and terroir. With its six heritage villages, ancestral 18th-century homes, cideries, cheese makers and strawberry fields, the island offers a journey back in time. Jacques Cartier planted a cross here in 1535. Today, the flavour trail circles the island (67 km), offering gourmet stops at every turn.
The beating heart of the Huron-Wendat Nation, one of the most accessible and welcoming Indigenous communities in Canada. The traditional site Onhoüa Chetek8e recreates a pre-colonization Huron village with longhouses, stories and legends. Onhwa' Lumina, an enchanting nighttime multimedia experience, immerses visitors in Wendat culture. The First Nations Hotel-Museum offers gourmet Indigenous cuisine and longhouse accommodation.
One of Canada's most spectacular road trips. The 885 km loop around the Gaspé Peninsula follows the river and the Gulf of St. Lawrence, offering breathtaking maritime panoramas. Recognized by National Geographic as one of the "50 Places of a Lifetime," the circuit passes through colourful fishing villages, century-old lighthouses, wild beaches and mountains covered in boreal forest. Highlights include Percé, Forillon, Carleton-sur-Mer and Sainte-Anne-des-Monts.
Quebec offers one of the most dazzling fall spectacles on the planet. From late September to mid-October, forests of maple, birch and oak explode in a symphony of reds, oranges and golds. The Laurentians and Eastern Townships are epicentres of this natural wonder. The P'tit Train du Nord, a 234 km cycling trail on a former railway, and Coaticook Gorge Park with its 169-metre suspension bridge are memorable ways to experience this show. It's simply magical.
For the citizenship test: Quebec is one of the four founding provinces of Confederation in 1867 (along with Ontario, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia). Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec City in 1608. Quebec is the only predominantly French-speaking province and has its own Civil Code (French civil law). Its parliament is called the National Assembly. Sir George-Étienne Cartier is Quebec's "Father of Confederation," who led Quebec into Canada. Montreal is the second-largest French-speaking city in the world. Quebec produces 72% of the world's maple syrup and is a global leader in hydroelectricity. Check our provinces and territories guide to review the essential facts.