Rights and Responsibilities
Where do Canadian citizens' rights and responsibilities come from?
✓ C — Our history, Canadian law, and shared traditions, identity and values
Canadian rights and responsibilities are rooted in our unique history, the laws passed by Parliament, and the shared traditions, identity and values that have developed over centuries.
When was the Magna Carta signed?
✓ B — 1215
The Magna Carta was signed in 1215 in England. It is considered one of the foundational documents of constitutional law and democracy.
Which legal tradition contributed the civil code to Canadian law?
✓ C — French
The French legal tradition contributed the civil code to Canadian law, which is still used in Quebec today as the basis of private law.
What is freedom of opinion in Canada?
✓ A — The right to hold and express personal views
Freedom of opinion is the right to hold and express your own views and opinions, a fundamental freedom protected in Canada.
When did the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms become part of the Constitution?
✓ B — 1982
The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms became part of the Constitution in 1982 when the Constitution was patriated from Britain.
What does serving on a jury mean?
✓ B — Participating in the justice system when called to do so
Serving on a jury is a responsibility where citizens participate in the justice system when called to do so, helping decide court cases.
What happens to people who commit these crimes in Canada?
✓ B — They can be severely punished under Canada's criminal laws
People who commit crimes like spousal abuse, honour killings, or forced marriage can be severely punished under Canada's criminal laws.
Who We Are
What image does Canada project on the international stage?
✓ B — A democratic, strong and free country
Canada is known internationally as a strong and free country, reflecting its democratic values, protection of rights, and commitment to freedom.
What is the name of Canada's original constitutional document from 1867?
✓ B — The British North America Act
The British North America Act of 1867 was Canada's original constitutional document that created Confederation. It was renamed the Constitution Act, 1867 in 1982.
What were First Nations cultures rooted in?
✓ B — Religious beliefs about their relationship to the Creator and the natural environment
First Nations cultures were rooted in religious beliefs about their relationship to the Creator, the natural environment, and their place within it.
What did Ottawa do in 2008 concerning residential schools?
✓ B — Offered a formal apology to former students
In 2008, Prime Minister Stephen Harper offered a formal apology to former residential school students on behalf of all Canadians for this tragic period.
What does the word 'Inuit' mean?
✓ B — The people
'Inuit' means 'the people' in Inuktitut, the language spoken by many Inuit across the Canadian Arctic.
What were the French colonists called?
✓ B — Habitants
The French colonists in New France were called 'habitants,' and they built a rural society based on farming and the Catholic faith.
How many Canadians have French as their mother tongue?
✓ B — About 7 million
About 22% of Canadians identify French as their mother tongue, with the majority living in Quebec.
Canada's History (Early)
Why did European explorers call the native peoples 'Indians'?
✓ B — Because they thought they had reached the East Indies
European explorers mistakenly believed they had reached the East Indies (Asia) when they arrived in the Americas, so they called the native peoples 'Indians.'
Who were the first Europeans to reach Canada?
✓ B — The Vikings from Iceland
The Vikings from Iceland were the first Europeans to reach Canada about 1,000 years ago, establishing a settlement at L'Anse aux Meadows.
Where did John Cabot set foot in 1497?
✓ B — Newfoundland or Cape Breton Island
In 1497, John Cabot set foot on Newfoundland or Cape Breton Island, claiming the land for England.
When did Champlain build a fortress at what is now Quebec City?
✓ B — 1608
In 1608, Samuel de Champlain built a fortress at what is now Quebec City, establishing one of North America's oldest cities.
How far did the French Empire in North America extend?
✓ B — From Hudson Bay to the Gulf of Mexico
At its height, the French Empire in North America extended from Hudson Bay in the north to the Gulf of Mexico in the south.
When did the 13 British colonies declare independence from Britain?
✓ B — 1776
In 1776, the 13 British colonies to the south declared independence from Britain, beginning the American Revolution.
When was the first representative assembly elected in Halifax, Nova Scotia?
✓ B — 1758
The first representative assembly in Halifax, Nova Scotia was elected in 1758, marking an early step toward democracy in Canada.
History (Confederation to WWI)
When were Upper and Lower Canada united as the Province of Canada?
✓ B — 1840
In 1840, Upper Canada (Ontario) and Lower Canada (Quebec) were united as the Province of Canada following Lord Durham's recommendations after the 1837-38 Rebellions.
Who introduced responsible government in United Canada in 1848-49?
✓ B — Lord Elgin, the Governor
Lord Elgin, the Governor, introduced responsible government in United Canada in 1848-49, establishing the principle that the government must have the confidence of the elected assembly.
What are the men who established Confederation known as?
✓ B — The Fathers of Confederation
The men who established Confederation are known as the Fathers of Confederation, including Sir John A. Macdonald, Sir George-Étienne Cartier, and others.
When did British Columbia join Canada?
✓ B — 1871
British Columbia joined Canada in 1871 after Ottawa promised to build a railway to the Pacific coast (the Canadian Pacific Railway).
Who was Canada's first Prime Minister?
✓ B — Sir John Alexander Macdonald
Sir John Alexander Macdonald was Canada's first Prime Minister, serving from 1867 to 1873 and again from 1878 to 1891.
How is Louis Riel seen by many today?
✓ B — A hero and father of Manitoba
Today, many see Louis Riel as a hero and defender of Métis rights. He is often called the 'Father of Manitoba' for his role in creating the province.
History (WWII to Modern)
When is Remembrance Day?
✓ B — November 11
Remembrance Day is November 11, the anniversary of the Armistice that ended the First World War in 1918.
Who wrote the poem 'In Flanders Fields'?
✓ B — Lieutenant-Colonel John McCrae
Lieutenant-Colonel John McCrae, a Canadian military doctor, wrote the famous poem 'In Flanders Fields' in 1915 during WWI.
What was another name for the Great Depression era?
✓ B — The Dirty Thirties
The Great Depression era was also called 'The Dirty Thirties,' a reference to both the economic hardship and the severe droughts on the Prairies.
When was D-Day?
✓ B — June 6, 1944
D-Day was June 6, 1944, the date of the Allied invasion of Normandy, France, during WWII.
What battle did the Royal Canadian Navy distinguish itself in?
✓ B — Battle of the Atlantic
The Royal Canadian Navy distinguished itself in the Battle of the Atlantic, escorting convoys and fighting German U-boats.
What is NATO?
✓ B — A North Atlantic military alliance
NATO is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, a military alliance formed in 1949. Canada is a founding member.
When did Japanese-Canadians gain the right to vote in federal elections?
✓ B — 1948
Japanese-Canadians gained the right to vote in federal elections in 1948, after years of discrimination including wartime internment.
Federal Government
What are the three key facts about Canada's system of government?
✓ B — Federal state, parliamentary democracy, and constitutional monarchy
Canada's system of government has three key characteristics: it is a federal state (with federal and provincial governments), a parliamentary democracy (with elected representatives), and a constitutional monarchy (with the Sovereign as Head of State).
Which areas do federal and provincial governments share jurisdiction over?
✓ B — Agriculture and immigration
Federal and provincial governments share jurisdiction over agriculture and immigration, meaning both levels of government can make laws in these areas.
What are the three parts of Parliament?
✓ B — The Sovereign (Queen or King), the Senate, and the House of Commons
The three parts of Parliament are the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General), the Senate (upper house), and the House of Commons (lower house).
At what age should Canadians participate in their democracy by voting?
✓ B — 18 or more
Canadians aged 18 or more can participate in their democracy by voting in federal, provincial, and municipal elections.
How many nations does the Commonwealth include?
✓ B — 54 nations
The Commonwealth includes 54 nations (53 other nations plus Canada), a voluntary association of countries with historical ties to Britain.
What are members of provincial legislatures called?
✓ B — MLAs, MNAs, MPPs, or MHAs depending on the province
Members of provincial legislatures are called MLAs (most provinces), MNAs (Quebec), MPPs (Ontario), or MHAs (Newfoundland and Labrador).
What are Members of the House of Commons also known as?
✓ B — Members of Parliament or MPs
Members of the House of Commons are also known as Members of Parliament or MPs.
Justice System
What does the Canadian justice system guarantee everyone?
✓ B — Due process under the law
The Canadian justice system guarantees everyone due process under the law, meaning the government must respect all the legal rights a person is entitled to.
What is 'due process'?
✓ B — The government's respect for all legal rights
Due process is the principle that the government must respect all the legal rights a person is entitled to under the law. It ensures fair treatment in legal proceedings.
To whom does the law in Canada apply?
✓ B — To everyone, including judges, politicians and police
The law in Canada applies to everyone, including judges, politicians, and the police. No one is above the law.
Where else does the RCMP serve besides provinces and territories?
✓ B — In some municipalities
Besides serving at the provincial level, the RCMP also serves in some municipalities across Canada under contract with local governments.
What is available if you cannot pay for a lawyer?
✓ B — Legal aid services free or at low cost
If you cannot afford a lawyer, legal aid services are available free or at low cost in most communities to help with legal matters.
How are Canadian laws organized?
✓ B — In a structured and coherent system
Canada is governed by an organized system of laws because laws are written rules that form a structured framework for society, providing order and consistency.
Canadian Symbols
When was ice hockey developed in Canada?
✓ B — In the 1800s
Ice hockey was developed in Canada in the 1800s and has since become the nation's most beloved sport.
What ice game was introduced by Scottish pioneers?
✓ B — Curling
Curling was introduced to Canada by Scottish pioneers and remains a popular winter sport.
When did the beaver become an emblem of the St. Jean Baptiste Society?
✓ B — 1834
The beaver became an emblem of the St. Jean Baptiste Society in 1834, representing French Canadian identity.
Do French and English Canadians sing different words to the national anthem?
✓ B — Yes, they sing different words
French and English Canadians sing different words to O Canada. The French version is not a translation of the English version.
What is the highest honour available to Canadians?
✓ B — The Victoria Cross (V.C.)
The Victoria Cross (V.C.) is the highest honour available to Canadians, awarded for extreme bravery in the face of the enemy.
When is Victoria Day?
✓ B — The Monday before May 25
Victoria Day is the Monday preceding May 25, celebrating the Sovereign's official birthday and named after Queen Victoria.
Economy of Canada
What are the three main types of industries in Canada's economy?
✓ B — Service industries, manufacturing industries, and natural resources industries
Canada's economy consists of three main types of industries: service industries, manufacturing industries, and natural resources industries.
Who is Canada's largest international trading partner?
✓ B — The United States
The United States is Canada's largest international trading partner, receiving over three-quarters of Canadian exports.
What percentage of Canadian exports are destined for the U.S.A.?
✓ B — Over three-quarters
Over three-quarters (more than 75%) of Canadian exports are destined for the United States.
What do many areas of Canada's economy depend on?
✓ B — Natural resource development
Many areas of Canada's economy depend on developing natural resources, including energy, mining, forestry, and agriculture.
Which sector provides thousands of different jobs in Canada?
✓ B — Service industries
Service industries provide thousands of different jobs in Canada, employing more than 75% of the working population.
Regions of Canada
Which ocean is to Canada's east?
✓ B — Atlantic Ocean
The Atlantic Ocean borders Canada's east coast, where the Atlantic Provinces are located.
Who chose Ottawa as the capital?
✓ B — Queen Victoria
Queen Victoria chose Ottawa as the capital of Canada in 1857.
Who founded New Brunswick?
✓ B — United Empire Loyalists
New Brunswick was founded by United Empire Loyalists who fled the American Revolution.
Which provinces make up Central Canada?
✓ B — Quebec and Ontario
Central Canada consists of Quebec and Ontario, which together are home to more than half of Canada's population.
What is Quebec's main producer of?
✓ B — Pulp and paper
Quebec is Canada's main producer of pulp and paper, thanks to its vast forests.
What distinction does Ontario have for French-speaking populations?
✓ B — The largest French-speaking population outside Quebec
Ontario has the largest French-speaking population outside of Quebec, with over 500,000 Franco-Ontarians.
What is Manitoba's economy based on?
✓ B — Agriculture, mining and hydroelectricity
Manitoba's economy is based on agriculture, mining, and hydro-electric power generation.
What is Saskatoon's distinction?
✓ B — Headquarters of the mining industry and an important educational, research, and technology centre
Saskatoon is the headquarters of the mining industry and an important educational, research, and technology centre in Saskatchewan.